Researchers in Austria are examining cattle cognition after documenting tool use by a cow named Veronika. Living in a mountain village, the Swiss brown cow has repeatedly used objects such as sticks, rakes, and brooms to scratch herself, drawing the attention of animal intelligence researchers in Vienna. Observations showed she selected different parts of the same object depending on where she needed to reach.⁠ ⁠ For harder-to-reach areas like her back, Veronika used the bristled end of a broom,

✅One study published in the journal Animal Cognition found that dogs could recognize the scent of their littermates even after being separated for two years. This suggests that dogs have a strong olfactory memory that allows them to remember familiar scents for an extended period. ✅Another study published in Behavioural Processes demonstrated that dogs could visually recognize their littermates even after a year of separation. The researchers found that dogs showed increased interest and positiv