Many environmental sampling is often observed multiple spatially correlated variables at a given geographical location. For instance, multiple topsoil heavy metal concentrations, such as cadmium, zinc ...

Data clustering is the process of grouping data items so that similar items are placed in the same cluster. There are several different clustering techniques, and each technique has many variations.

All components share the same spherical covariance matrix. For estimating the similarity between two Gaussian mixtures, the L 2 L2 distance was chosen by the authors because there exists a closed-form ...

The advancement of nanophotonic devices is significantly dependent on achieving high-precision inverse design capabilities, which are critical for identifying optimal structural configurations that ...